An information technology view of manufacturing automation - Product life-cycle management

Different approaches of product life-cycle management will be demonstrated to show that unlike several engineering paradigms it is easy to understand, however difficult to implement and to follow. This can be accepted as a common philosophy of product development and production. At the same time product life-cycle management is a software framework, or a kind of guideline to approach digital manufacturing, which is the highest level of recently known and applied ways of manufacturing automation. The paper will show some components of manufacturing automation and their relation to the life-cycle view. © 2016 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest

Handling privacy and concurrency in an online educational evaluation system

Nowadays, all academic institutions exhibit and distribute their material over Internet. Moreover, e-learning and e-evaluation products is one of the most rapidly expanding areas of education and training, with nearly 30% of U.S. college and university students now taking at least one online course. However, Internet increases the vulnerability of digital educational content exploitation since it is a potential hostile environment for secure data management. The challenge is that providing current online educational tools that are accessible by a large number of users, these educational environments handle data of varying sensitivity thus it is increasingly important to reason about and enforce information privacy guarantees in the presence of concurrency. The present paper provides a privacy preserving approach in a concurrent online educational evaluation system. It introduces a privacy preserving approach for utilizing online concurrent evaluation of acquired student competencies that handles the increasingly complex issues of designing, developing and e-competence evaluation systems suitable for educational and e-learning environments. The proposed architecture for an online competence evaluation system offers access control and protect users' private data while, it provides concurrent procedures for evaluating competencies. © 2019 International Press of Boston, Inc. All rights reserved.European Commission, ECThis work has been partially supported by the “Implementation of Software Engineering Com-petence Remote Evaluation for Master Program Graduates (iSECRET)” project No 2015-1-LVo1-KA203-013439 funded by ERASMUS+ of the European Commission

General model of tool path problem for the CNC sheet cutting machines

The formalization of the tool path problem for the CNC sheet metal/material cutting equipment is considered. General model of tool path problem for laser/plasma/gas/water-jet machines is offered. Model uses the term “the basic cutting segment” proposed by author. The existing classification of the tool path problem is expanded. In the paper also the discretization of offered general statement of optimization problem is described. Results of computing experiments for some instances are given. © 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: № 17-08 -01385The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research ( grant № 17-08 -01385) and by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006

Синтез новых building blocks на основе вердазильных радикалов

Метод модификации органических каркасов спин-содержащими строительными блокамипредлагается перспективной альтернативой классическому многостадийному синтезу радикальныхфрагментов непосредственно на органическом каркасе. Одной из наиболее удобных реакций длямодификации молекул может выступать палладий-катализируемые реакции кросс-сочетания.Полученные вердазильные радикалы, имеющие галогенированные заместители, благодаря своей высокойстабильности являются оптимальными для одностадийной модификации. Стабильные радикалы собъёмными сопряженными заместителями в положениях 2 и 4 были синтезированы из 1,3,5-замещённых формазанов, полученных по реакции гидразонов с арендиазоний тозилатами - новымклассом стабильных диазониевых солей

The Dependence of Actual Laser Cutting Speed on CNC Sheet Equipment on Number of NC Program Commands for Metal Grades 1.0114 and AWAIMg3

One of the complex optimization problems arising in technical applications is the cutting path problem for CNC sheet metal cutting machines. This problem is to optimize the tool path for the CNC technological equipment when cutting a fixed set of parts allocated on sheet metal. The time of cutting process is one of objective functions for the optimization problem. This objective function depends on six parameters of cutting process: 1) cutting speed; 2) lengths of the cutting tool path; 3) speed of idling motion of tool; 4) length of idling motion; 5) number of piercings; 6) time of one piercing. When programming NC program, speed of cutting is defined by the user of the CAM (Computer-Aided-Manufacturing) system and considered as a constant. However, this is actually not the case. Consequently, the problem of exact calculation of objective function is arisen. In order to solve this problem, the correction coefficients for the cutting speed value defined by the user must been calculated. Obviously, these coefficients will vary for different thicknesses and grades of metal. The paper presents the results of investigates, which made it possible to find the functional dependences of the cutting speed for the CNC laser cutting machine (CO2) on the number of NC program commands for the following metal grades: 1.0114 (thickness Δ = 1-10 mm) and AWAIMg3 (Δ = 1-5 mm).The statistical materials of experiments were processed by using software "Mathcad". The received results show that the actual average value of cutting speed is monotonically decreasing function depended on number of NC program commands. In addition, the calculation of the actual cutting speed provides not only an accurate calculation of the value of the objective function, but also, as a result, the correct finding of the optimal tool path. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 19-01-00573The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant № 19-01-00573) and by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract №02.A03.21.0006

Research into Dry Turning of Welded Surface by Replaceable Cutting Insert with Closed Loop Heat Removal

A special tool has been devised incorporating a closed loop system based on Peltier thermoelectric couples to cool replaceable hard alloy inserts. Experimental research has been done into dry turning of a X20Cr13 steel welded surface with a SECO cubic boron nitride circular plate at the cutting speed increasing from 100 to 300 m/min. It has been determined that Ra surface roughness decreases by 22% while Rz surface roughness goes down by 26%; in addition, the wear flat of tool tips diminishes by 17%. © 2018 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work was supported by Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.G25.31.0148 with Sverdlovsk Instrumental Plant within the framework of Research and Development Project No Н979.210.007/15, July 28, 2015 for the federal autonomous educational institution of higher education “Ural Federal University”

Routing in cnc cutting machines: Engineering constraints

The paper is devoted to the problems of cutting path optimization with engineering specifics. There are two severe constraints of thermal cutting: thermal expansion and sheet stiffness constraints. Our solution uses the dependence of the cost functions on the previous part of the route and on the direction of movement of the tool along the contour. © 2020, Budapest Tech Polytechnical Institution. All rights reserved.This work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 20-08-00873

Optimal control of the system of coupled cylinders

We consider the problem of optimal control of a system consisting of two coupled cylinders. Such a system is a mathe-matical model of the nuclear fuel transfer mechanism at the nuclear power plant reactor. And also, such models are found in various robotic systems. We have obtained optimal control under certain assumptions on a controllable system. © 2018 Author(s).The research was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 17-08-01385

Optimization Models of Tool Path Problem for CNC Sheet Metal Cutting Machines

The problem of tool path optimization for CNC sheet metal cutting equipment is considered. Sheet metal cutting equipment includes laser/plasma/gas/water-jet machines and some others. Users of CAD/CAM systems develop numerical control programs for the cutting equipment after nesting of parts onto the sheet. The control programs contain information about tool path. The tool path is a routing of cutter head used for cutting of sheet material. Classification and the correspondent mathematical models of tool path problem are considered. The tasks of cost/time minimization for various types of cutting techniques are formalized. Mathematical formalization of technological constraints for these tasks is also described. Unlike the known analogs this formalization allows to consider constraints of thermal cutting. In some cases the optimization tasks can be interpreted as discrete optimization problem (generalized travel salesman problem with additional constraints, GTSP). In paper also the developed exact algorithm and some heuristic algorithms of tool path optimization based on described models is reported. Results of computing experiments for some instances are given © 2016The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006

Tool Routing Problem for CNC Plate Cutting Machines

The problem of sheet cutting optimization for CNC (Computer Numerical Control) plate cutting machines is considered. This problem includes restriction with engineering specifics. The heuristic method of the problem solving is offered. This is the algorithm of the generalized salesman problem solving with additional restrictions in form of precedence constraints and based on previous part of the route restrictions. The iterative method of algorithm using is given. © 2016The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract № 02.A03.21.0006